Plausibly Exogenous [1932] - Electoral Fraud (05/18/2025)

LHS Variable
New address registrations on paper

RHS Variable
Election

Source of Exogenous Variation
In Japan, All municipalities originally on the same 4-year election cycle since 1947, but many municipalities dropped out of sync due to idiosyncratic reasons decades ago (e.g., mergers, resignations, deaths)

- Fukumoto and Horiuchi (2011), “Making outsiders' votes count: Detecting electoral fraud through a natural experiment”